Chapter 1: Energy Primer

Contributing Authors (CA) 
Peter Kolp (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Austria)
Volker Krey (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Austria)
Jordan Macknick (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA)
Yu Nagai (Vienna University of Technology, Austria)
Mathis L. Rogner (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Austria)
Kirk R. Smith (University of California, Berkeley, USA)
Kjartan Steen-Olsen (Norwegian University of Science and Technology)
Jan Weinzettel (Norwegian University of Science and Technology)

Review Editor 
Ogunlade Davidson (Ministry of Energy, Sierra Leone)

1.1          Introduction And Roadmap             
1.2         The Global Energy System
   1.2.1      Description Of The Global Energy System 
   1.2.2      Energy Services 
   1.2.3      From Energy Services To Primary Energy
1.3         Historic Energy Transitions 
   1.3.1      Transitions In Energy End-Use (United Kingdom)
   1.3.2      Transitions In Energy Supply Systems (Global) 
   1.3.3      Energy And Economic Growth
1.4         Energy Efficiency And Intensity 
   1.4.1      Introduction 
   1.4.2      First-Law Efficiencies 
   1.4.3      Second-Law Efficiencies And Exergy 
   1.4.4      Energy Intensities
1.5         Energy Resources
   1.5.1      Introduction
   1.5.2      Fossil And Fissile Resources
   1.5.3      Renewable Resources
   1.5.4      Energy Densities
1.6         Production, Trade, And Conversions
   1.6.1      Introduction
   1.6.2      Production, Use, And Trade
   1.6.3      Conversions
1.7         Environmental Impacts (Emissions)
   1.7.1      Introduction
   1.7.2      CO₂ And Other Ghgs
   1.7.3      Traditional Pollutants (Sox, Nox, Particulates, Etc.)
1.8         Heterogeneity In Energy Use
   1.8.1      Introduction
   1.8.2      Heterogeneity In Energy Use Across Nations
   1.8.3      Heterogeneity In Energy Use Within Nations
   1.8.4      Disparities In Energy Use
1.9         The Costs Of Energy
   1.9.1      Accounting Frameworks And Different Types Of Costs
1.10       Roadmap To The Chapters Of The Gea
References
Appendix 1.A   Accounting For Energy
   1.A.1      Introduction
   1.A.2      Energy Units, Scale, And Heating Values (Hhv/Lhv)
   1.A.3      Accounting For Primary Energy
   1.A.4      Limitations Of Primary Energy Accounting
   1.A.5      Main Energy Statistics And Data Sources
Appendix 1.B    Conversion Tables And Gea Regional Definitions