Models, Tools, and Data
IIASA models, tools, and data are developed in collaboration with partners to tackle challenges at global, regional, national, and sub-national levels.
Research Partners
Read how IIASA works with research partners across the globe to deliver world-class research.
- Home
- Research
- Research Programs
- Large-scale Initiatives
- Global Energy Assessment
- Chapters
- Chapter 7
- Research plan 2021-24
- Research Programs
- Advancing Systems Analysis
- Biodiversity and Natural Resources
- Economic Frontiers
- Energy, Climate, and Environment
- Population and Just Societies
- Strategic Initiatives
- Large-scale Initiatives
- Models, Tools, and Data
- Research Projects
- Research Partners
- Science into Policy
- Distinguished Visiting Fellows
- Science Diplomacy
- Alpbach-Laxenburg Group
- Network and Alumni
Chapter 7: Energy Resources and Potentials
Lead Authors (LA)
Roberto F. Aguilera (Curtin University, Australia)
Cristina L. Archer (California State University and Stanford University, USA)
Ruggero Bertani (Enel Green Power SpA, Italy)
S.C. Bhattacharya (International Energy Initiative, India)
Maurice B. Dusseault (University of Waterloo, Canada)
Luc Gagnon (HydroQuébec, Canada)
Helmut Haberl (Klagenfurt University, Austria)
Monique Hoogwijk (Ecofys, the Netherlands)
Arthur Johnson (Hydrate Energy International, USA)
Mathis L. Rogner (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Austria)
Horst Wagner (Montan University Leoben, Austria)
Vladimir Yakushev (Gazprom, Russia)
Contributing Authors (CA)
Doug Arent (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA)
Ian Bryden (University of Edinburgh, UK)
Fridolin Krausmann (Klagenfurt University, Austria)
Christoph Schilling (German Aerospace Center)
Ali Shafiei (University of Waterloo, Canada)
Review Editor
Ji ZOU (Renmin University of China)
Download Full Chapter (Choose Low Resolution or High Resolution)
Please use the following reference for this chapter:
Rogner, H.-H., R. F. Aguilera, C. Archer, R. Bertani, S. C. Bhattacharya, M. B. Dusseault, L. Gagnon, H. Haberl, M. Hoogwijk, A. Johnson, M. L. Rogner, H. Wagner and V. Yakushev, 2012: Chapter 7 - Energy Resources and Potentials. In Global Energy Assessment - Toward a Sustainable Future, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria, pp. 423-512.
Export Citation (RIS Format)
7.1 INTRODUCTION
7.1.1 Definitions And Classifications
7.1.2 The ‘Peak Debate’
7.1.3 Units Of Measurement
7.2 OIL
7.2.1 Overview
7.2.2 Estimates Of Conventional Oil
7.2.3 Types Of Unconventional Oil
7.2.4 Estimates Of Unconventional Oil
7.2.5 Oil Supply Cost Curves
7.2.6 Environmental And Social Implications
7.2.7 Summary
7.3 NATURAL GAS
7.3.1 Overview
7.3.2 Classifying Conventional Gas And Unconventional Gas
7.3.3 Conventional Natural Gas Reserves And Resources
7.3.4 Unconventional Gas
7.3.5 Resource Estimates For Unconventional Gas Resources (Excluding Gas Hydrate)
7.3.6 Gas Hydrate
7.3.7 Abiogenic Gas Theory
7.3.8 Natural Gas Supply Cost Curves
7.3.9 Environmental And Social Implications
7.3.10 Summary
7.4 COAL
7.4.1 Overview
7.4.2 Coal Production
7.4.3 Reserves
7.4.4 Resources
7.4.5 Coal Mining Technology
7.4.6 Coal Mining Costs
7.4.7 Coal Supply Cost Curves
7.4.8 Environmental And Social Implications
7.4.9 Summary
7.5 NUCLEAR RESOURCE MATERIALS
7.5.1 Overview
7.5.2 Uranium
7.5.3 Thorium
7.5.4 Fusion Materials
7.5.5 Environmental And Social Implications
7.5.6 Summary
7.6 HYDROPOWER
7.6.1 Overview
7.6.2 Estimating Hydropower Potentials
7.6.3 Hydropower Potentials
7.6.4 Environmental And Social Implications
7.6.5 Summary
7.7 BIOMASS ENERGY
7.7.1 Overview
7.7.2 The Theoretical Potential For Land-Based Biomass Energy Production
7.7.3 Technical Biomass Potentials
7.7.4 Summary Of Global Technical Bioenergy Potential Estimates
7.7.5 Economics Of Bioenergy Production And Supply Cost Curves
7.7.6 Social And Environmental Aspects Of Bioenergy Use
7.7.7 Summary
7.8 WIND
7.8.1 Overview
7.8.2 Theoretical Potential
7.8.3 Technical Potential
7.8.4 Practical Potential
7.8.5 Environmental And Social Implications
7.8.6 Summary
7.9 SOLAR
7.9.1 Overview
7.9.2 Theoretical Potential
7.9.3 Technical Potential
7.9.4 Environmental And Social Implications
7.9.5 Summary
7.10 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
7.10.1 Overview
7.10.2 Present Utilization Of Geothermal Resources
7.10.3 Theoretical Potential
7.10.4 Technical Potential
7.10.5 Economic Potential
7.10.6 Cost Structure Of A Typical Geothermal Electricity Project
7.10.7 Environmental And Social Implications
7.10.8 Summary
7.11 OCEAN ENERGY
7.11.1 Overview
7.11.2 Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
7.11.3 Wave Resources
7.11.4 Tidal Energy
7.11.5 Osmotic Energy
7.11.6 Environmental And Social Implications
7.11.7 Summary
REFERENCES
Online Database